Empirical Inference


2024


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VIPurPCA: Visualizing and Propagating Uncertainty in Principal Component Analysis

Zabel, S., Hennig, P., Nieselt, K.

IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 30(4):2011-2022, April 2024 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

2024

DOI [BibTex]


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Identifiable Causal Representation Learning

von Kügelgen, J.

University of Cambridge, UK, Cambridge, February 2024, (Cambridge-Tübingen-Fellowship) (phdthesis)

[BibTex]

[BibTex]


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Trained recurrent neural networks develop phase-locked limit cycles in a working memory task

Pals, M., Macke, J. H., Barak, O.

PLOS Computational Biology, 20(2), February 2024 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Pre-treatment 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters as biomarkers for progression free survival, best overall response and overall survival in metastatic melanoma patients undergoing first-line immunotherapy

Peisen, F., Gerken, A., Dahm, I., Nikolaou, K., Eigentler, T., Amaral, T., Moltz, J. H., Othman, A. E., Gatidis, S.

PLOS ONE, 19(1), January 2024 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Parameterizing pressure-temperature profiles of exoplanet atmospheres with neural networks

Gebhard, T. D., Angerhausen, D., Konrad, B. S., Alei, E., Quanz, S. P., Schölkopf, B.

Astronomy & Astrophysics, 681, 2024 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Optimal Decision Making Under Strategic Behavior

Tsirtsis, S., Tabibian, B., Khajehnejad, M., Singla, A., Schölkopf, B., Gomez-Rodriguez, M.

Management Science, 2024, Published Online (article) In press

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]

2023


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Kernel-Based Independence Tests for Causal Structure Learning on Functional Data

Laumann, F., von Kügelgen, J., Park, J., Schölkopf, B., Barahona, M.

Entropy (Basel), 25(12), November 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

2023


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CROCODILE - Incorporating medium-resolution spectroscopy of close-in directly imaged exoplanets into atmospheric retrievals via cross-correlation

Hayoz, J., Cugno, G., Quanz, S. P., Patapis, P., Alei, E., Bonse, M. J., Dannert, F. A., Garvin, E. O., Gebhard, T. D., Konrad, B. S., Sartori, L. F.

Astronomy & Astrophysics, 678, October 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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A taxonomy and review of generalization research in NLP

Hupkes, D., Giulianelli, M., Dankers, V., Artetxe, M., Elazar, Y., Pimentel, T., Christodoulopoulos, C., Lasri, K., Saphra, N., Sinclair, A., Ulmer, D., Schottmann, F., Batsuren, K., Sun, K., Sinha, K., Khalatbari, L., Ryskina, M., Frieske, R., Cotterell, R., Jin, Z.

Nature Machine Intelligence, 5(10):1161-1174, October 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Can Whole-Body Baseline CT Radiomics Add Information to the Prediction of Best Response, Progression-Free Survival, and Overall Survival of Stage IV Melanoma Patients Receiving First-Line Targeted Therapy: A Retrospective Register Study

Peisen, F., Gerken, A., Dahm, I., Nikolaou, K., Eigentler, T., Amaral, T., Moltz, J. H., Othman, A. E., Gatidis, S., Dondi, F.

Diagnostics (Basel), 13(20), October 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Simulation-based inference for efficient identification of generative models in computational connectomics

Boelts, J., Harth, P., Gao, R., Udvary, D., Yáñez, F., Baum, D., Hege, H., Oberlaender, M., Macke, J. H.

PLOS Computational Biology, 19(9):1-28, September 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Getting personal with epigenetics: towards individual-specific epigenomic imputation with machine learning

Hawkins-Hooker, A., Visonà, G., Narendra, T., Rojas-Carulla, M., Schölkopf, B., Schweikert, G.

Nature Communications, 14(1), August 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Chasing rainbows and ocean glints: Inner working angle constraints for the Habitable Worlds Observatory

Vaughan, S. R., Gebhard, T. D., Bott, K., Casewell, S. L., Cowan, N. B., Doelman, D. S., Kenworthy, M., Mazoyer, J., Millar-Blanchaer, M. A., Trees, V. J. H., Stam, D. M., Absil, O., Altinier, L., Baudoz, P., Belikov, R., Bidot, A., Birkby, J. L., Bonse, M. J., Brandl, B., Carlotti, A., Choquet, E., van Dam, D., Desai, N., Fogarty, K., Fowler, J., van Gorkom, K., Gutierrez, Y., Guyon, O., Haffert, S. Y., Herscovici-Schiller, O., Hours, A., Juanola-Parramon, R., Kleisioti, E., König, L., van Kooten, M., Krasteva, M., Laginja, I., Landman, R., Leboulleux, L., Mouillet, D., N’Diaye, M., Por, E. H., Pueyo, L., Snik, F.

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 524(4):5477-5485, August 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Comparing Apples with Apples: Robust Detection Limits for Exoplanet High-contrast Imaging in the Presence of Non-Gaussian Noise

Bonse, M. J., Garvin, E. O., Gebhard, T. D., Dannert, F. A., Cantalloube, F., Cugno, G., Absil, O., Hayoz, J., Milli, J., Kasper, M., Quanz, S. P.

The American Astronomical Society, 166(2), July 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Catastrophic overfitting can be induced with discriminative non-robust features

Ortiz-Jimenez*, G., de Jorge*, P., Sanyal, A., Bibi, A., Dokania, P. K., Frossard, P., Rogez, G., Torr, P.

Transactions on Machine Learning Research , July 2023, *equal contribution (article)

PDF Code link (url) [BibTex]

PDF Code link (url) [BibTex]


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Learning and Testing Powerful Hypotheses

Kübler, J. M.

University of Tübingen, Germany, July 2023 (phdthesis)

[BibTex]

[BibTex]


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Learning Identifiable Representations: Independent Influences and Multiple Views

Gresele, L.

University of Tübingen, Germany, June 2023 (phdthesis)

[BibTex]


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Quantification of intratumoural heterogeneity in mice and patients via machine-learning models trained on PET–MRI data

Katiyar, P., Schwenck, J., Frauenfeld, L., Divine, M. R., Agrawal, V., Kohlhofer, U., Gatidis, S., Kontermann, R., Königsrainer, A., Quintanilla-Martinez, L., la Fougère, C., Schölkopf, B., Pichler, B. J., Disselhorst, J. A.

Nature Biomedical Engineering, 7(8):1014-1027, June 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Classifying the unknown: Insect identification with deep hierarchical Bayesian learning

Badirli, S., Picard, C. J., Mohler, G., Richert, F., Akata, Z., Dundar, M.

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 14(6):1515-1530, June 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Better Together: Data Harmonization and Cross-StudAnalysis of Abdominal MRI Data From UK Biobank and the German National Cohort

Gatidis, S., Kart, T., Fischer, M., Winzeck, S., Glocker, B., Bai, W., Bülow, R., Emmel, C., Friedrich, L., Kauczor, H., Keil, T., Kröncke, T., Mayer, P., Niendorf, T., Peters, A., Pischon, T., Schaarschmidt, B., Schmidt, B., Schulze, M., Umutle, L., Völzke, H., Küstner, T., Bamberg, F., Schölkopf, B., Rueckert, D.

Investigative Radiology, 58(5):346-354, May 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Learning with and for discrete optimization

Paulus, M.

(ETH Zurich, Switzerland), May 2023, CLS PhD Program (phdthesis)

[BibTex]

[BibTex]


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ResMiCo: Increasing the quality of metagenome-assembled genomes with deep learning

Mineeva*, O., Danciu*, D., Schölkopf, B., Ley, R. E., Rätsch, G., Youngblut, N. D.

PLOS Computational Biology, 19(5), Public Library of Science, May 2023, *equal contribution (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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A Kernel Stein Test for Comparing Latent Variable Models

Kanagawa, H., Jitkrittum, W., Mackey, L., Fukumizu, K., Gretton, A.

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology, 85(3):986-1011, May 2023 (article)

arXiv DOI [BibTex]

arXiv DOI [BibTex]


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Estimating uncertainty in read-out patterns: Application to controls-based denoising and voxel-based morphometry patterns in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases

Blum, D., Hepp, T., Belov, V., Goya-Maldonado, R., la Fougère, C., Reimold, M.

Human Brain Mapping, 44(7):2802-2814, May 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Staying and Returning dynamics of young children’s attention

Kim, J., Singh, S., Vales, C., Keebler, E., Fisher, A. V., Thiessen, E. D.

Developmental Science, 26(6), May 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Uncovering the Organization of Neural Circuits with Generalized Phase Locking Analysis

Safavi, S., Panagiotaropoulos, T. I., Kapoor, V., Ramirez-Villegas, J. F., Logothetis, N., Besserve, M.

PLOS Computational Biology, 19(4):1-45, Public Library of Science, April 2023 (article)

bioRxiv DOI Project Page [BibTex]

bioRxiv DOI Project Page [BibTex]


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The ENCODE Imputation Challenge: a critical assessment of methods for cross-cell type imputation of epigenomic profiles

Schreiber*, J., Boix*, C., Lee, J. W., Li, H., Guan, Y., Chang, C., Chang, J., Hawkins-Hooker, A., Schölkopf, B., Schweikert, G., Carulla, M. R., Canakoglu, A., Guzzo, F., Nanni, L., Masseroli, M., Carman, M. J., Pinoli, P., Hong, C., Yip, K. Y., Spence, J. P., Batra, S. S., Song, Y. S., Mahony, S., Zhang, Z., Tan, W., Shen, Y., Sun, Y., Shi, M., Adrian, J., Sandstrom, R., Farrell, N., Halow, J., Lee, K., Jiang, L., Yang, X., Epstein, C., Strattan, J. S., Bernstein, B., Snyder, M., Kellis, M., Stafford, W., Kundaje, A., ENCODE Imputation Challenge Participants,

Genome Biology, 24, April 2023, *co‑first authors (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Adapting to noise distribution shifts in flow-based gravitational-wave inference

Wildberger, J., Dax, M., Green, S. R., Gair, J., Pürrer, M., Macke, J. H., Buonanno, A., Schölkopf, B.

Physical Review D, 107(8), April 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Neural Importance Sampling for Rapid and Reliable Gravitational-Wave Inference

Dax, M., Green, S. R., Gair, J., Pürrer, M., Wildberger, J., Macke, J. H., Buonanno, A., Schölkopf, B.

Physical Review Letters, 130(17), April 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Instrumental variable regression via kernel maximum moment loss

Zhang, R., Imaizumi, M., Schölkopf, B., Muandet, K.

Journal of Causal Inference, 11(1), April 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Multiplane Diffractive Acoustic Networks

Athanassiadis, A. G., Schlieder, L., Melde, K., Volchkov, V., Schölkopf, B., Fischer, P.

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 70(5):441-448, IEEE, March 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Proactive Contact Tracing

Gupta, P., Maharaj, T., Weiss, M., Rahaman, N., Alsdurf, H., Minoyan, N., Harnois-Leblanc, S., Merckx, J., Williams, A., Schmidt, V., St-Charles, P., Patel, A., Zhang, Y., Buckeridge, D. L., Pal, C., Schölkopf, B., Bengio, Y.

PLOS Digital Health, 2(3):1-19, March 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Self-supervised contrastive learning with random walks for medical image segmentation with limited annotations

Fischer, M., Hepp, T., Gatidis, S., Yang, B.

Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 104, March 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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ViViT: Curvature Access Through The Generalized Gauss-Newton’s Low-Rank Structure

Dangel*, F., Tatzel*, L., Hennig, P.

Transactions on Machine Learning Research, February 2023, *equal contribution (article)

link (url) [BibTex]

link (url) [BibTex]


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Evaluation for Weakly Supervised Object Localization: Protocol, Metrics, and Datasets

Choe, J., Oh, S. J., Chun, S., Lee, S., Akata, Z., Shim, H.

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 45(2):1732-1748, February 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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SphereFace Revived: Unifying Hyperspherical Face Recognition

Liu, W., Wen, Y., Raj, B., Singh, R., Weller, A.

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 45(2):2458-2474, February 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Audio Retrieval With Natural Language Queries: A Benchmark Study

Koepke, A. S., Oncescu, A., Henriques, J. F., Akata, Z., Albanie, S.

IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 25, pages: 2675-2685, January 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


Learning to Control Highly Accelerated Ballistic Movements on Muscular Robots
Learning to Control Highly Accelerated Ballistic Movements on Muscular Robots

Büchler, D., Calandra, R., Peters, J.

Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 159, January 2023 (article)

Abstract
High-speed and high-acceleration movements are inherently hard to control. Applying learning to the control of such motions on anthropomorphic robot arms can improve the accuracy of the control but might damage the system. The inherent exploration of learning approaches can lead to instabilities and the robot reaching joint limits at high speeds. Having hardware that enables safe exploration of high-speed and high-acceleration movements is therefore desirable. To address this issue, we propose to use robots actuated by Pneumatic Artificial Muscles (PAMs). In this paper, we present a four degrees of freedom (DoFs) robot arm that reaches high joint angle accelerations of up to 28000 °/s^2 while avoiding dangerous joint limits thanks to the antagonistic actuation and limits on the air pressure ranges. With this robot arm, we are able to tune control parameters using Bayesian optimization directly on the hardware without additional safety considerations. The achieved tracking performance on a fast trajectory exceeds previous results on comparable PAM-driven robots. We also show that our system can be controlled well on slow trajectories with PID controllers due to careful construction considerations such as minimal bending of cables, lightweight kinematics and minimal contact between PAMs and PAMs with the links. Finally, we propose a novel technique to control the the co-contraction of antagonistic muscle pairs. Experimental results illustrate that choosing the optimal co-contraction level is vital to reach better tracking performance. Through the use of PAM-driven robots and learning, we do a small step towards the future development of robots capable of more human-like motions.

Arxiv Video DOI [BibTex]


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Learning Dynamical Systems using Local Stability Priors

Mehrjou, A., Iannelli, A., Schölkopf, B.

Journal of Computational Dynamics, 10(1):175-198, January 2023, Special issue "Computation of Lyapunov functions and contraction metrics" (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Quantum machine learning beyond kernel methods

Jerbi, S., Fiderer, L. J., Poulsen Nautrup, H., Kübler, J. M., Briegel, H. J., Dunjko, V.

Nature Communications, 14(1), January 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Pyfectious: An individual-level simulator to discover optimal containment policies for epidemic diseases

Mehrjou*, A., Soleymani*, A., Abyaneh, A., Bhatt, S., Schölkopf, B., Bauer, S.

PLOS Computational Biology, 19(1):1-41, January 2023, *equal contribution (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


A machine learning route between band mapping and band structure
A machine learning route between band mapping and band structure

Xian*, R. P., Stimper*, V., Zacharias, M., Dendzik, M., Dong, S., Beaulieu, S., Schölkopf, B., Wolf, M., Rettig, L., Carbogno, C., Bauer, S., Ernstorfer, R.

Nature Computational Science, 3(1):101-114, January 2023, *equal contribution (article)

arXiv DOI [BibTex]

arXiv DOI [BibTex]


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Information theoretic measures of causal influences during transient neural events

Shao, K., Logothetis, N. K., Besserve, M.

Frontiers in Network Physiology, 3, 2023 (article)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

link (url) DOI [BibTex]


Synchronizing Machine Learning Algorithms, Realtime Robotic Control and Simulated Environment with o80
Synchronizing Machine Learning Algorithms, Realtime Robotic Control and Simulated Environment with o80

Berenz, V., Widmaier, F., Guist, S., Schölkopf, B., Büchler, D.

Robot Software Architectures Workshop (RSA) 2023, ICRA, 2023 (techreport)

Abstract
Robotic applications require the integration of various modalities, encompassing perception, control of real robots and possibly the control of simulated environments. While the state-of-the-art robotic software solutions such as ROS 2 provide most of the required features, flexible synchronization between algorithms, data streams and control loops can be tedious. o80 is a versatile C++ framework for robotics which provides a shared memory model and a command framework for real-time critical systems. It enables expert users to set up complex robotic systems and generate Python bindings for scientists. o80's unique feature is its flexible synchronization between processes, including the traditional blocking commands and the novel ``bursting mode'', which allows user code to control the execution of the lower process control loop. This makes it particularly useful for setups that mix real and simulated environments.

arxiv poster link (url) [BibTex]


normflows: A PyTorch Package for Normalizing Flows
normflows: A PyTorch Package for Normalizing Flows

Stimper, V., Liu, D., Campbell, A., Berenz, V., Ryll, L., Schölkopf, B., Hernández-Lobato, J. M.

Journal of Open Source Software, 8(86):5361, The Journal of Open Source Software, 2023 (article)

Abstract
Normalizing flows model probability distributions through an expressive tractable density (D. Rezende & Mohamed, 2015; Esteban G. Tabak & Turner, 2013; Esteban G. Tabak & Vanden-Eijnden, 2010). They transform a simple base distribution, such as a Gaussian, through a sequence of invertible functions, which are referred to as layers. These layers typically use neural networks to become very expressive. Flows are ubiquitous in machine learning and have been applied to image generation (Grcić et al., 2021; Kingma & Dhariwal, 2018), text modeling (Wang & Wang, 2019), variational inference (D. Rezende & Mohamed, 2015), approximating Boltzmann distributions (Noé et al., 2019), and many other problems (Kobyzev et al., 2021; Papamakarios et al., 2021). Here, we present normflows, a Python package for normalizing flows. It allows to build normalizing flow models from a suite of base distributions, flow layers, and neural networks. The package is implemented in the popular deep learning framework PyTorch (Paszke et al., 2019), which simplifies the integration of flows in larger machine learning models or pipelines. It supports most of the common normalizing flow architectures, such as Real NVP (Dinh et al., 2017), Glow (Kingma & Dhariwal, 2018), Masked Autoregressive Flows (Papamakarios et al., 2017), Neural Spline Flows (Durkan et al., 2019; Müller et al., 2019), Residual Flows (Chen et al., 2019), and many more. The package can be easily installed via pip and the code is publicly available on GitHub.

JOSS GitHub link (url) DOI [BibTex]

JOSS GitHub link (url) DOI [BibTex]


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Avoiding Shortcut-Learning by Mutual Information Minimization in Deep Learning-Based Image Processing

Fay, L., Cobos, E., Yang, B., Gatidis, S., Küstner, T.

IEEE Access, 11, pages: 64070-64086, 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]


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Compact holographic sound fields enable rapid one-step assembly of matter in 3D

Melde, K., Kremer, H., Shi, M., Seneca, S., Frey, C., Platzman, I., Degel, C., Schmitt, D., Schölkopf, B., Fischer, P.

Science Advances, 9(6), 2023 (article)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

link (url) DOI [BibTex]


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BiConMP: A Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Framework for Whole Body Motion Planning

Meduri, A., Shah, P., Viereck, J., Khadiv, M., Havoutis, I., Righetti, L.

IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 39(2):905-922, IEEE, 2023 (article)

DOI [BibTex]

DOI [BibTex]