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90 results (View BibTeX file of all listed publications)

2002

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Combining sensory Information to Improve Visualization

Ernst, M., Banks, M., Wichmann, F., Maloney, L., Bülthoff, H.

In Proceedings of the Conference on Visualization ‘02 (VIS ‘02), pages: 571-574, (Editors: Moorhead, R. , M. Joy), IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, USA, IEEE Conference on Visualization (VIS '02), October 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Seemingly effortlessly the human brain reconstructs the three-dimensional environment surrounding us from the light pattern striking the eyes. This seems to be true across almost all viewing and lighting conditions. One important factor for this apparent easiness is the redundancy of information provided by the sensory organs. For example, perspective distortions, shading, motion parallax, or the disparity between the two eyes' images are all, at least partly, redundant signals which provide us with information about the three-dimensional layout of the visual scene. Our brain uses all these different sensory signals and combines the available information into a coherent percept. In displays visualizing data, however, the information is often highly reduced and abstracted, which may lead to an altered perception and therefore a misinterpretation of the visualized data. In this panel we will discuss mechanisms involved in the combination of sensory information and their implications for simulations using computer displays, as well as problems resulting from current display technology such as cathode-ray tubes.

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2002

Ernst, M., Banks, M., Wichmann, F., Maloney, L., Bülthoff, H. Combining sensory Information to Improve Visualization In Proceedings of the Conference on Visualization ‘02 (VIS ‘02), pages: 571-574, (Editors: Moorhead, R. , M. Joy), IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, USA, IEEE Conference on Visualization (VIS '02), October 2002 (inproceedings)

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Sampling Techniques for Kernel Methods

Achlioptas, D., McSherry, F., Schölkopf, B.

In Advances in neural information processing systems 14 , pages: 335-342, (Editors: TG Dietterich and S Becker and Z Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 15th Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We propose randomized techniques for speeding up Kernel Principal Component Analysis on three levels: sampling and quantization of the Gram matrix in training, randomized rounding in evaluating the kernel expansions, and random projections in evaluating the kernel itself. In all three cases, we give sharp bounds on the accuracy of the obtained approximations.

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Achlioptas, D., McSherry, F., Schölkopf, B. Sampling Techniques for Kernel Methods In Advances in neural information processing systems 14 , pages: 335-342, (Editors: TG Dietterich and S Becker and Z Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 15th Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

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The Infinite Hidden Markov Model

Beal, MJ., Ghahramani, Z., Rasmussen, CE.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 577-584, (Editors: Dietterich, T.G. , S. Becker, Z. Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Fifteenth Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We show that it is possible to extend hidden Markov models to have a countably infinite number of hidden states. By using the theory of Dirichlet processes we can implicitly integrate out the infinitely many transition parameters, leaving only three hyperparameters which can be learned from data. These three hyperparameters define a hierarchical Dirichlet process capable of capturing a rich set of transition dynamics. The three hyperparameters control the time scale of the dynamics, the sparsity of the underlying state-transition matrix, and the expected number of distinct hidden states in a finite sequence. In this framework it is also natural to allow the alphabet of emitted symbols to be infinite - consider, for example, symbols being possible words appearing in English text.

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Beal, MJ., Ghahramani, Z., Rasmussen, CE. The Infinite Hidden Markov Model In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 577-584, (Editors: Dietterich, T.G. , S. Becker, Z. Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Fifteenth Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

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A new discriminative kernel from probabilistic models

Tsuda, K., Kawanabe, M., Rätsch, G., Sonnenburg, S., Müller, K.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 977-984, (Editors: Dietterich, T.G. , S. Becker, Z. Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Fifteenth Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Recently, Jaakkola and Haussler proposed a method for constructing kernel functions from probabilistic models. Their so called \Fisher kernel" has been combined with discriminative classi ers such as SVM and applied successfully in e.g. DNA and protein analysis. Whereas the Fisher kernel (FK) is calculated from the marginal log-likelihood, we propose the TOP kernel derived from Tangent vectors Of Posterior log-odds. Furthermore, we develop a theoretical framework on feature extractors from probabilistic models and use it for analyzing the TOP kernel. In experiments our new discriminative TOP kernel compares favorably to the Fisher kernel.

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Tsuda, K., Kawanabe, M., Rätsch, G., Sonnenburg, S., Müller, K. A new discriminative kernel from probabilistic models In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 977-984, (Editors: Dietterich, T.G. , S. Becker, Z. Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Fifteenth Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

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Incorporating Invariances in Non-Linear Support Vector Machines

Chapelle, O., Schölkopf, B.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 609-616, (Editors: TG Dietterich and S Becker and Z Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 15th Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
The choice of an SVM kernel corresponds to the choice of a representation of the data in a feature space and, to improve performance, it should therefore incorporate prior knowledge such as known transformation invariances. We propose a technique which extends earlier work and aims at incorporating invariances in nonlinear kernels. We show on a digit recognition task that the proposed approach is superior to the Virtual Support Vector method, which previously had been the method of choice.

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Chapelle, O., Schölkopf, B. Incorporating Invariances in Non-Linear Support Vector Machines In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 609-616, (Editors: TG Dietterich and S Becker and Z Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 15th Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

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Kernel feature spaces and nonlinear blind source separation

Harmeling, S., Ziehe, A., Kawanabe, M., Müller, K.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 761-768, (Editors: Dietterich, T. G., S. Becker, Z. Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Fifteenth Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
In kernel based learning the data is mapped to a kernel feature space of a dimension that corresponds to the number of training data points. In practice, however, the data forms a smaller submanifold in feature space, a fact that has been used e.g. by reduced set techniques for SVMs. We propose a new mathematical construction that permits to adapt to the intrinsic dimension and to find an orthonormal basis of this submanifold. In doing so, computations get much simpler and more important our theoretical framework allows to derive elegant kernelized blind source separation (BSS) algorithms for arbitrary invertible nonlinear mixings. Experiments demonstrate the good performance and high computational efficiency of our kTDSEP algorithm for the problem of nonlinear BSS.

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Harmeling, S., Ziehe, A., Kawanabe, M., Müller, K. Kernel feature spaces and nonlinear blind source separation In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14, pages: 761-768, (Editors: Dietterich, T. G., S. Becker, Z. Ghahramani), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Fifteenth Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference (NIPS), September 2002 (inproceedings)

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Algorithms for Learning Function Distinguishable Regular Languages

Fernau, H., Radl, A.

In Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition, pages: 64-73, (Editors: Caelli, T. , A. Amin, R. P.W. Duin, M. Kamel, D. de Ridder), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition, August 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Function distinguishable languages were introduced as a new methodology of defining characterizable subclasses of the regular languages which are learnable from text. Here, we give details on the implementation and the analysis of the corresponding learning algorithms. We also discuss problems which might occur in practical applications.

PDF DOI [BibTex]

Fernau, H., Radl, A. Algorithms for Learning Function Distinguishable Regular Languages In Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition, pages: 64-73, (Editors: Caelli, T. , A. Amin, R. P.W. Duin, M. Kamel, D. de Ridder), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition, August 2002 (inproceedings)

PDF DOI [BibTex]

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Decision Boundary Pattern Selection for Support Vector Machines

Shin, H., Cho, S.

In Proc. of the Korean Data Mining Conference, pages: 33-41, Korean Data Mining Conference, May 2002 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

Shin, H., Cho, S. Decision Boundary Pattern Selection for Support Vector Machines In Proc. of the Korean Data Mining Conference, pages: 33-41, Korean Data Mining Conference, May 2002 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

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k-NN based Pattern Selection for Support Vector Classifiers

Shin, H., Cho, S.

In Proc. of the Korean Industrial Engineers Conference, pages: 645-651, Korean Industrial Engineers Conference, May 2002 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

Shin, H., Cho, S. k-NN based Pattern Selection for Support Vector Classifiers In Proc. of the Korean Industrial Engineers Conference, pages: 645-651, Korean Industrial Engineers Conference, May 2002 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

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Microarrays: How Many Do You Need?

Zien, A., Fluck, J., Zimmer, R., Lengauer, T.

In RECOMB 2002, pages: 321-330, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, Sixth Annual International Conference on Research in Computational Molecular Biology, April 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We estimate the number of microarrays that is required in order to gain reliable results from a common type of study: the pairwise comparison of different classes of samples. Current knowlegde seems to suffice for the construction of models that are realistic with respect to searches for individual differentially expressed genes. Such models allow to investigate the dependence of the required number of samples on the relevant parameters: the biological variability of the samples within each class; the fold changes in expression; the detection sensitivity of the microarrays; and the acceptable error rates of the results. We supply experimentalists with general conclusions as well as a freely accessible Java applet at http://cartan.gmd.de/~zien/classsize/ for fine tuning simulations to their particular actualities. Since the situation can be assumed to be very similar for large scale proteomics and metabolomics studies, our methods and results might also apply there.

Web DOI [BibTex]

Zien, A., Fluck, J., Zimmer, R., Lengauer, T. Microarrays: How Many Do You Need? In RECOMB 2002, pages: 321-330, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, Sixth Annual International Conference on Research in Computational Molecular Biology, April 2002 (inproceedings)

Web DOI [BibTex]

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Pattern Selection for Support Vector Classifiers

Shin, H., Cho, S.

In Ideal 2002, pages: 97-103, (Editors: Yin, H. , N. Allinson, R. Freeman, J. Keane, S. Hubbard), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Third International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning, January 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
SVMs tend to take a very long time to train with a large data set. If "redundant" patterns are identified and deleted in pre-processing, the training time could be reduced significantly. We propose a k-nearest neighbors(k-NN) based pattern selection method. The method tries to select the patterns that are near the decision boundary and that are correctly labeled. The simulations over synthetic data sets showed promising results: (1) By converting a non-separable problem to a separable one, the search for an optimal error tolerance parameter became unnecessary. (2) SVM training time decreased by two orders of magnitude without any loss of accuracy. (3) The redundant SVs were substantially reduced.

PDF Web DOI [BibTex]

Shin, H., Cho, S. Pattern Selection for Support Vector Classifiers In Ideal 2002, pages: 97-103, (Editors: Yin, H. , N. Allinson, R. Freeman, J. Keane, S. Hubbard), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Third International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning, January 2002 (inproceedings)

PDF Web DOI [BibTex]

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The leave-one-out kernel

Tsuda, K., Kawanabe, M.

In Artificial Neural Networks -- ICANN 2002, 2415, pages: 727-732, LNCS, (Editors: Dorronsoro, J. R.), Artificial Neural Networks -- ICANN, 2002 (inproceedings)

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Tsuda, K., Kawanabe, M. The leave-one-out kernel In Artificial Neural Networks -- ICANN 2002, 2415, pages: 727-732, LNCS, (Editors: Dorronsoro, J. R.), Artificial Neural Networks -- ICANN, 2002 (inproceedings)

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Localized Rademacher Complexities

Bartlett, P., Bousquet, O., Mendelson, S.

In Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, pages: 44-58, Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We investigate the behaviour of global and local Rademacher averages. We present new error bounds which are based on the local averages and indicate how data-dependent local averages can be estimated without {it a priori} knowledge of the class at hand.

PDF PostScript [BibTex]

Bartlett, P., Bousquet, O., Mendelson, S. Localized Rademacher Complexities In Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, pages: 44-58, Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, 2002 (inproceedings)

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Film Cooling: A Comparative Study of Different Heaterfoil Configurations for Liquid Crystals Experiments

Vogel, G., Graf, ABA., Weigand, B.

In ASME TURBO EXPO 2002, Amsterdam, GT-2002-30552, ASME TURBO EXPO, Amsterdam, 2002 (inproceedings)

PDF [BibTex]

Vogel, G., Graf, ABA., Weigand, B. Film Cooling: A Comparative Study of Different Heaterfoil Configurations for Liquid Crystals Experiments In ASME TURBO EXPO 2002, Amsterdam, GT-2002-30552, ASME TURBO EXPO, Amsterdam, 2002 (inproceedings)

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Some Local Measures of Complexity of Convex Hulls and Generalization Bounds

Bousquet, O., Koltchinskii, V., Panchenko, D.

In Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We investigate measures of complexity of function classes based on continuity moduli of Gaussian and Rademacher processes. For Gaussian processes, we obtain bounds on the continuity modulus on the convex hull of a function class in terms of the same quantity for the class itself. We also obtain new bounds on generalization error in terms of localized Rademacher complexities. This allows us to prove new results about generalization performance for convex hulls in terms of characteristics of the base class. As a byproduct, we obtain a simple proof of some of the known bounds on the entropy of convex hulls.

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Bousquet, O., Koltchinskii, V., Panchenko, D. Some Local Measures of Complexity of Convex Hulls and Generalization Bounds In Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computational Learning Theory, 2002 (inproceedings)

PDF PostScript [BibTex]

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A kernel approach for learning from almost orthogonal patterns

Schölkopf, B., Weston, J., Eskin, E., Leslie, C., Noble, W.

In Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2430/2431, pages: 511-528, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, (Editors: T Elomaa and H Mannila and H Toivonen), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 13th European Conference on Machine Learning (ECML) and 6th European Conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (PKDD'2002), 2002 (inproceedings)

PostScript DOI [BibTex]

Schölkopf, B., Weston, J., Eskin, E., Leslie, C., Noble, W. A kernel approach for learning from almost orthogonal patterns In Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2430/2431, pages: 511-528, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, (Editors: T Elomaa and H Mannila and H Toivonen), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 13th European Conference on Machine Learning (ECML) and 6th European Conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (PKDD'2002), 2002 (inproceedings)

PostScript DOI [BibTex]

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Infinite Mixtures of Gaussian Process Experts

Rasmussen, CE., Ghahramani, Z.

In (Editors: Dietterich, Thomas G.; Becker, Suzanna; Ghahramani, Zoubin), 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We present an extension to the Mixture of Experts (ME) model, where the individual experts are Gaussian Process (GP) regression models. Using a input-dependent adaptation of the Dirichlet Process, we implement a gating network for an infinite number of Experts. Inference in this model may be done efficiently using a Markov Chain relying on Gibbs sampling. The model allows the effective covariance function to vary with the inputs, and may handle large datasets -- thus potentially overcoming two of the biggest hurdles with GP models. Simulations show the viability of this approach.

PDF PostScript [BibTex]

Rasmussen, CE., Ghahramani, Z. Infinite Mixtures of Gaussian Process Experts In (Editors: Dietterich, Thomas G.; Becker, Suzanna; Ghahramani, Zoubin), 2002 (inproceedings)

PDF PostScript [BibTex]

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Marginalized kernels for RNA sequence data analysis

Kin, T., Tsuda, K., Asai, K.

In Genome Informatics 2002, pages: 112-122, (Editors: Lathtop, R. H.; Nakai, K.; Miyano, S.; Takagi, T.; Kanehisa, M.), Genome Informatics, 2002, (Best Paper Award) (inproceedings)

Web [BibTex]

Kin, T., Tsuda, K., Asai, K. Marginalized kernels for RNA sequence data analysis In Genome Informatics 2002, pages: 112-122, (Editors: Lathtop, R. H.; Nakai, K.; Miyano, S.; Takagi, T.; Kanehisa, M.), Genome Informatics, 2002, (Best Paper Award) (inproceedings)

Web [BibTex]

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Luminance Artifacts on CRT Displays

Wichmann, F.

In IEEE Visualization, pages: 571-574, (Editors: Moorhead, R.; Gross, M.; Joy, K. I.), IEEE Visualization, 2002 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Most visualization panels today are still built around cathode-ray tubes (CRTs), certainly on personal desktops at work and at home. Whilst capable of producing pleasing images for common applications ranging from email writing to TV and DVD presentation, it is as well to note that there are a number of nonlinear transformations between input (voltage) and output (luminance) which distort the digital and/or analogue images send to a CRT. Some of them are input-independent and hence easy to fix, e.g. gamma correction, but others, such as pixel interactions, depend on the content of the input stimulus and are thus harder to compensate for. CRT-induced image distortions cause problems not only in basic vision research but also for applications where image fidelity is critical, most notably in medicine (digitization of X-ray images for diagnostic purposes) and in forms of online commerce, such as the online sale of images, where the image must be reproduced on some output device which will not have the same transfer function as the customer's CRT. I will present measurements from a number of CRTs and illustrate how some of their shortcomings may be problematic for the aforementioned applications.

[BibTex]

Wichmann, F. Luminance Artifacts on CRT Displays In IEEE Visualization, pages: 571-574, (Editors: Moorhead, R.; Gross, M.; Joy, K. I.), IEEE Visualization, 2002 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

1999

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Engineering Support Vector Machine Kernels That Recognize Translation Initiation Sites in DNA

Zien, A., Rätsch, G., Mika, S., Schölkopf, B., Lemmen, C., Smola, A., Lengauer, T., Müller, K.

In German Conference on Bioinformatics (GCB 1999), October 1999 (inproceedings)

Abstract
In order to extract protein sequences from nucleotide sequences, it is an important step to recognize points from which regions encoding pro­ teins start, the so­called translation initiation sites (TIS). This can be modeled as a classification prob­ lem. We demonstrate the power of support vector machines (SVMs) for this task, and show how to suc­ cessfully incorporate biological prior knowledge by engineering an appropriate kernel function.

Web [BibTex]

1999

Zien, A., Rätsch, G., Mika, S., Schölkopf, B., Lemmen, C., Smola, A., Lengauer, T., Müller, K. Engineering Support Vector Machine Kernels That Recognize Translation Initiation Sites in DNA In German Conference on Bioinformatics (GCB 1999), October 1999 (inproceedings)

Web [BibTex]

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Shrinking the tube: a new support vector regression algorithm

Schölkopf, B., Bartlett, P., Smola, A., Williamson, R.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, pages: 330-336 , (Editors: MS Kearns and SA Solla and DA Cohn), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 12th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), June 1999 (inproceedings)

PDF Web [BibTex]

Schölkopf, B., Bartlett, P., Smola, A., Williamson, R. Shrinking the tube: a new support vector regression algorithm In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, pages: 330-336 , (Editors: MS Kearns and SA Solla and DA Cohn), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 12th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), June 1999 (inproceedings)

PDF Web [BibTex]

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Semiparametric support vector and linear programming machines

Smola, A., Friess, T., Schölkopf, B.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, pages: 585-591 , (Editors: MS Kearns and SA Solla and DA Cohn), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Twelfth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), June 1999 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Semiparametric models are useful tools in the case where domain knowledge exists about the function to be estimated or emphasis is put onto understandability of the model. We extend two learning algorithms - Support Vector machines and Linear Programming machines to this case and give experimental results for SV machines.

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Smola, A., Friess, T., Schölkopf, B. Semiparametric support vector and linear programming machines In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, pages: 585-591 , (Editors: MS Kearns and SA Solla and DA Cohn), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Twelfth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), June 1999 (inproceedings)

PDF Web [BibTex]

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Kernel PCA and De-noising in feature spaces

Mika, S., Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., Müller, K., Scholz, M., Rätsch, G.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, pages: 536-542 , (Editors: MS Kearns and SA Solla and DA Cohn), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 12th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), June 1999 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Kernel PCA as a nonlinear feature extractor has proven powerful as a preprocessing step for classification algorithms. But it can also be considered as a natural generalization of linear principal component analysis. This gives rise to the question how to use nonlinear features for data compression, reconstruction, and de-noising, applications common in linear PCA. This is a nontrivial task, as the results provided by kernel PCA live in some high dimensional feature space and need not have pre-images in input space. This work presents ideas for finding approximate pre-images, focusing on Gaussian kernels, and shows experimental results using these pre-images in data reconstruction and de-noising on toy examples as well as on real world data.

PDF Web [BibTex]

Mika, S., Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., Müller, K., Scholz, M., Rätsch, G. Kernel PCA and De-noising in feature spaces In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, pages: 536-542 , (Editors: MS Kearns and SA Solla and DA Cohn), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 12th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), June 1999 (inproceedings)

PDF Web [BibTex]

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Classifying LEP data with support vector algorithms.

Vannerem, P., Müller, K., Smola, A., Schölkopf, B., Söldner-Rembold, S.

In Artificial Intelligence in High Energy Nuclear Physics 99, Artificial Intelligence in High Energy Nuclear Physics 99, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

Vannerem, P., Müller, K., Smola, A., Schölkopf, B., Söldner-Rembold, S. Classifying LEP data with support vector algorithms. In Artificial Intelligence in High Energy Nuclear Physics 99, Artificial Intelligence in High Energy Nuclear Physics 99, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

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Classification on proximity data with LP-machines

Graepel, T., Herbrich, R., Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., Bartlett, P., Müller, K., Obermayer, K., Williamson, R.

In Artificial Neural Networks, 1999. ICANN 99, 470, pages: 304-309, Conference Publications , IEEE, 9th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

Graepel, T., Herbrich, R., Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., Bartlett, P., Müller, K., Obermayer, K., Williamson, R. Classification on proximity data with LP-machines In Artificial Neural Networks, 1999. ICANN 99, 470, pages: 304-309, Conference Publications , IEEE, 9th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

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Kernel-dependent support vector error bounds

Schölkopf, B., Shawe-Taylor, J., Smola, A., Williamson, R.

In Artificial Neural Networks, 1999. ICANN 99, 470, pages: 103-108 , Conference Publications , IEEE, 9th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

Schölkopf, B., Shawe-Taylor, J., Smola, A., Williamson, R. Kernel-dependent support vector error bounds In Artificial Neural Networks, 1999. ICANN 99, 470, pages: 103-108 , Conference Publications , IEEE, 9th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

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Linear programs for automatic accuracy control in regression

Smola, A., Schölkopf, B., Rätsch, G.

In Artificial Neural Networks, 1999. ICANN 99, 470, pages: 575-580 , Conference Publications , IEEE, 9th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

Smola, A., Schölkopf, B., Rätsch, G. Linear programs for automatic accuracy control in regression In Artificial Neural Networks, 1999. ICANN 99, 470, pages: 575-580 , Conference Publications , IEEE, 9th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

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Regularized principal manifolds.

Smola, A., Williamson, R., Mika, S., Schölkopf, B.

In Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 1572, 1572, pages: 214-229 , Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, (Editors: P Fischer and H-U Simon), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Computational Learning Theory: 4th European Conference, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

Smola, A., Williamson, R., Mika, S., Schölkopf, B. Regularized principal manifolds. In Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 1572, 1572, pages: 214-229 , Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, (Editors: P Fischer and H-U Simon), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Computational Learning Theory: 4th European Conference, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

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Entropy numbers, operators and support vector kernels.

Williamson, R., Smola, A., Schölkopf, B.

In Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 1572, 1572, pages: 285-299, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, (Editors: P Fischer and H-U Simon), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Computational Learning Theory: 4th European Conference, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

Williamson, R., Smola, A., Schölkopf, B. Entropy numbers, operators and support vector kernels. In Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 1572, 1572, pages: 285-299, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, (Editors: P Fischer and H-U Simon), Springer, Berlin, Germany, Computational Learning Theory: 4th European Conference, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

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Is the Hippocampus a Kalman Filter?

Bousquet, O., Balakrishnan, K., Honavar, V.

In Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, 3, pages: 619-630, Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

Bousquet, O., Balakrishnan, K., Honavar, V. Is the Hippocampus a Kalman Filter? In Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, 3, pages: 619-630, Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, 1999 (inproceedings)

[BibTex]

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A Comparison of Artificial Neural Networks and Cluster Analysis for Typing Biometrics Authentication

Maisuria, K., Ong, CS., Lai, .

In unknown, pages: 9999-9999, International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

PDF [BibTex]

Maisuria, K., Ong, CS., Lai, . A Comparison of Artificial Neural Networks and Cluster Analysis for Typing Biometrics Authentication In unknown, pages: 9999-9999, International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 1999 (inproceedings)

PDF [BibTex]

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Fisher discriminant analysis with kernels

Mika, S., Rätsch, G., Weston, J., Schölkopf, B., Müller, K.

In Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop, 9, pages: 41-48, (Editors: Y-H Hu and J Larsen and E Wilson and S Douglas), IEEE, Neural Networks for Signal Processing IX, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

Mika, S., Rätsch, G., Weston, J., Schölkopf, B., Müller, K. Fisher discriminant analysis with kernels In Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop, 9, pages: 41-48, (Editors: Y-H Hu and J Larsen and E Wilson and S Douglas), IEEE, Neural Networks for Signal Processing IX, 1999 (inproceedings)

DOI [BibTex]

1997

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The view-graph approach to visual navigation and spatial memory

Mallot, H., Franz, M., Schölkopf, B., Bülthoff, H.

In Artificial Neural Networks: ICANN ’97, pages: 751-756, (Editors: W Gerstner and A Germond and M Hasler and J-D Nicoud), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, October 1997 (inproceedings)

Abstract
This paper describes a purely visual navigation scheme based on two elementary mechanisms (piloting and guidance) and a graph structure combining individual navigation steps controlled by these mechanisms. In robot experiments in real environments, both mechanisms have been tested, piloting in an open environment and guidance in a maze with restricted movement opportunities. The results indicate that navigation and path planning can be brought about with these simple mechanisms. We argue that the graph of local views (snapshots) is a general and biologically plausible means of representing space and integrating the various mechanisms of map behaviour.

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1997

Mallot, H., Franz, M., Schölkopf, B., Bülthoff, H. The view-graph approach to visual navigation and spatial memory In Artificial Neural Networks: ICANN ’97, pages: 751-756, (Editors: W Gerstner and A Germond and M Hasler and J-D Nicoud), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, October 1997 (inproceedings)

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Predicting time series with support vector machines

Müller, K., Smola, A., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Kohlmorgen, J., Vapnik, V.

In Artificial Neural Networks: ICANN’97, pages: 999-1004, (Editors: Schölkopf, B. , C.J.C. Burges, A.J. Smola), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks , October 1997 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Support Vector Machines are used for time series prediction and compared to radial basis function networks. We make use of two different cost functions for Support Vectors: training with (i) an e insensitive loss and (ii) Huber's robust loss function and discuss how to choose the regularization parameters in these models. Two applications are considered: data from (a) a noisy (normal and uniform noise) Mackey Glass equation and (b) the Santa Fe competition (set D). In both cases Support Vector Machines show an excellent performance. In case (b) the Support Vector approach improves the best known result on the benchmark by a factor of 29%.

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Müller, K., Smola, A., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Kohlmorgen, J., Vapnik, V. Predicting time series with support vector machines In Artificial Neural Networks: ICANN’97, pages: 999-1004, (Editors: Schölkopf, B. , C.J.C. Burges, A.J. Smola), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks , October 1997 (inproceedings)

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Predicting time series with support vectur machines

Müller, K., Smola, A., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Kohlmorgen, J., Vapnik, V.

In Artificial neural networks: ICANN ’97, pages: 999-1004, (Editors: W Gerstner and A Germond and M Hasler and J-D Nicoud), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks , October 1997 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Support Vector Machines are used for time series prediction and compared to radial basis function networks. We make use of two different cost functions for Support Vectors: training with (i) an e insensitive loss and (ii) Huber's robust loss function and discuss how to choose the regularization parameters in these models. Two applications are considered: data from (a) a noisy (normal and uniform noise) Mackey Glass equation and (b) the Santa Fe competition (set D). In both cases Support Vector Machines show an excellent performance. In case (b) the Support Vector approach improves the best known result on the benchmark by a factor of 29%.

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Müller, K., Smola, A., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Kohlmorgen, J., Vapnik, V. Predicting time series with support vectur machines In Artificial neural networks: ICANN ’97, pages: 999-1004, (Editors: W Gerstner and A Germond and M Hasler and J-D Nicoud), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks , October 1997 (inproceedings)

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Kernel principal component analysis

Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., Müller, K.

In Artificial neural networks: ICANN ’97, LNCS, vol. 1327, pages: 583-588, (Editors: W Gerstner and A Germond and M Hasler and J-D Nicoud), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, October 1997 (inproceedings)

Abstract
A new method for performing a nonlinear form of Principal Component Analysis is proposed. By the use of integral operator kernel functions, one can efficiently compute principal components in highdimensional feature spaces, related to input space by some nonlinear map; for instance the space of all possible d-pixel products in images. We give the derivation of the method and present experimental results on polynomial feature extraction for pattern recognition.

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Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., Müller, K. Kernel principal component analysis In Artificial neural networks: ICANN ’97, LNCS, vol. 1327, pages: 583-588, (Editors: W Gerstner and A Germond and M Hasler and J-D Nicoud), Springer, Berlin, Germany, 7th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, October 1997 (inproceedings)

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Homing by parameterized scene matching

Franz, M., Schölkopf, B., Bülthoff, H.

In Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Artificial Life, (Eds.) P. Husbands, I. Harvey. MIT Press, Cambridge 1997, pages: 236-245, (Editors: P Husbands and I Harvey), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 4th European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL97), July 1997 (inproceedings)

Abstract
In visual homing tasks, animals as well as robots can compute their movements from the current view and a snapshot taken at a home position. Solving this problem exactly would require knowledge about the distances to visible landmarks, information, which is not directly available to passive vision systems. We propose a homing scheme that dispenses with accurate distance information by using parameterized disparity fields. These are obtained from an approximation that incorporates prior knowledge about perspective distortions of the visual environment. A mathematical analysis proves that the approximation does not prevent the scheme from approaching the goal with arbitrary accuracy. Mobile robot experiments are used to demonstrate the practical feasibility of the approach.

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Franz, M., Schölkopf, B., Bülthoff, H. Homing by parameterized scene matching In Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Artificial Life, (Eds.) P. Husbands, I. Harvey. MIT Press, Cambridge 1997, pages: 236-245, (Editors: P Husbands and I Harvey), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 4th European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL97), July 1997 (inproceedings)

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Das Spiel mit dem künstlichen Leben.

Schölkopf, B.

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Wissenschaftsbeilage, June 1997 (misc)

[BibTex]

Schölkopf, B. Das Spiel mit dem künstlichen Leben. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Wissenschaftsbeilage, June 1997 (misc)

[BibTex]

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Improving the accuracy and speed of support vector learning machines

Burges, C., Schölkopf, B.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 9, pages: 375-381, (Editors: M Mozer and MJ Jordan and T Petsche), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Tenth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), May 1997 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Support Vector Learning Machines (SVM) are finding application in pattern recognition, regression estimation, and operator inversion for illposed problems . Against this very general backdrop any methods for improving the generalization performance, or for improving the speed in test phase of SVMs are of increasing interest. In this paper we combine two such techniques on a pattern recognition problem The method for improving generalization performance the "virtual support vector" method does so by incorporating known invariances of the problem This method achieves a drop in the error rate on 10.000 NIST test digit images of 1,4 % to 1 %. The method for improving the speed (the "reduced set" method) does so by approximating the support vector decision surface. We apply this method to achieve a factor of fifty speedup in test phase over the virtual support vector machine The combined approach yields a machine which is both 22 times faster than the original machine, and which has better generalization performance achieving 1,1 % error . The virtual support vector method is applicable to any SVM problem with known invariances The reduced set method is applicable to any support vector machine .

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Burges, C., Schölkopf, B. Improving the accuracy and speed of support vector learning machines In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 9, pages: 375-381, (Editors: M Mozer and MJ Jordan and T Petsche), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, Tenth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), May 1997 (inproceedings)

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Learning view graphs for robot navigation

Franz, M., Schölkopf, B., Georg, P., Mallot, H., Bülthoff, H.

In Proceedings of the 1st Intl. Conf. on Autonomous Agents, pages: 138-147, (Editors: Johnson, W.L.), ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, First International Conference on Autonomous Agents (AGENTS '97), Febuary 1997 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We present a purely vision-based scheme for learning a parsimonious representation of an open environment. Using simple exploration behaviours, our system constructs a graph of appropriately chosen views. To navigate between views connected in the graph, we employ a homing strategy inspired by findings of insect ethology. Simulations and robot experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.

PDF Web DOI [BibTex]

Franz, M., Schölkopf, B., Georg, P., Mallot, H., Bülthoff, H. Learning view graphs for robot navigation In Proceedings of the 1st Intl. Conf. on Autonomous Agents, pages: 138-147, (Editors: Johnson, W.L.), ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, First International Conference on Autonomous Agents (AGENTS '97), Febuary 1997 (inproceedings)

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